An urban, An urban, inpatient rehabilitation facility in the Midwestern United States. Forty patients who were hospitalized in the traumatic brain injury unit. Impulsivity Rating Scale and Agitated Behavior Scale completed by rehabilitation therapists , Barratt Impulsivity Scale patient self-report , neuropsychological tests, and in vivo behavioral observation of impulsivity using a structured checklist during rehabilitation therapy.
Relations of impulsivity rating scales and performance tests to in vivo behavior dissociated. Verbal impulsivity was best assessed by rating scales and was largely unrelated to performance measures of impulsivity, whereas motor impulsivity was best assessed by performance tests and was unrelated to rating scales. Performance tests also had poor specificity, showing equally strong associations with tests of other neuropsychological domains.
Impulsivity is a multidimensional construct that should be assessed in a variety of ways. In vivo observation in the clinical setting showed strong ability to identify impulsivity in the presence of global deficits. Role of subvocal motor activity in dichotic speech perception and selective attention more.
Twenty right-handed male and female subjects were asked for ear-by-ear recall of dichotically presented consonant--vowel syllables. While listening to the stimuli, the subjects were required to concurrently reduce the electromyographic subvocal activity recorded from the lips and throat or from a control site, the frontalis muscle. A right-ear advantage was observed during the control condition, the largest advantage occurring when the pairs were contrasted on both voicing and place.
In contrast, a left-ear advantage was observed when subvocal articulatory activity was voluntarily reduced. These results suggest that subvocal articulatory activity contributes to the observed right-ear advantage for speech by affecting attentional bias and not phonetic processing.
Possible underlying mechanisms for this effect are discussed. Recoverability of psychological functioning following alcohol abuse: Prolonged visual-spatial dysfunction in older alcoholics more. Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , Vol. Alexithymia and lateralized presentation of emotional faces more.
This proposal emphasizes independence of the hemispheric worldviews, Second, the two hemispheres are complementary; the RH contributes a different modality of information, which is subsequently used by Semantic processing in auditory lexical decision: Ear-of-presentation and sex differences more.
Right hemisphere white matter non-verbal deficits and depression in adolescents and young adults in a psychiatric population Cleaver, R. The effects of masking on lateralized illusion perception: A further test of the spatial frequency hypothesis more. The utility of novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and expectancy in the prediction of drinking more.
Impulsivity and traumatic brain injury: The relations among behavioral observation, performance measures, and rating scales more. Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy.
Publisher: journals. A study was conducted to examine the relationship between subjective and objective measures of mental imagery control. Eighty college undergraduates completed a battery of imagery tests and self-report measures to examine whether Eighty college undergraduates completed a battery of imagery tests and self-report measures to examine whether questionnaires that purport to measure imagery control or dynamic imagery ability imagery of movement would show a stronger relationship with objective measures of mental manipulation than would subjective measures that tap vividness of static imagery.
Neither subjective measures of movement imagery nor subjective measures of stationary imagery showed meaningful relationships with objective measures of visuospatial manipulation. Additionally, subjective and objective imagery measures generally tended to dissociate. Basic component skills thought to be involved in mental manipulation, however, showed a much stronger relationship with the objective imagery tasks than did the self-report questionnaires.
Findings suggest that subjective measures of imagery control do not tap the same cognitive processes involved in objective tests that require accurate imagery manipulation. The relationship between creativity and psychosis-proneness more. Publication Date: Memory deficits in workers suffering from hard metal disease more.
Picoeconomics: A Theory of Everything more. Psychology and Cognitive Science. Normal right-handed subjects were presented with luminance patterns varying from sinusoidally in both space and time to the left and right visual fields. With no temporal variation in the stimuli, detection thresholds for the left visual With no temporal variation in the stimuli, detection thresholds for the left visual field were lower than those for the right visual field for all spatial frequencies.
However, with increasing temporal variations, a reversal in detection of threshold occurred, with the right visual field surpassing the left. This finding suggests that left and right visual processing may be differentially efficient for temporal and spatial visual information. Maintaining perceptual constancy while remaining vigilant: Left hemisphere change blindness and right hemisphere vigilance more. A considerable literature suggests that the right hemisphere is dominant in vigilance for novel and survival-related stimuli, such as predators, across a wide range of species.
In contrast to vigilance for change, change blindness is a In contrast to vigilance for change, change blindness is a failure to detect obvious changes in a visual scene when they are obscured by a disruption in scene presentation.
We studied lateralised change detection using a series of scenes with salient changes in either the left or right visual fields. In Study 1 left visual field changes were detected more rapidly than right visual field changes, confirming a right hemisphere advantage for change detection.
Increasing stimulus difficulty resulted in greater right visual field detections and left hemisphere detection was more likely when change occurred in the right visual field on a prior trial.
In Study 2 an intervening distractor task disrupted the influence of prior trials. Again, faster detection speeds were observed for the left visual field changes with a shift to a right visual field advantage with increasing time-to-detection.
This suggests that a right hemisphere role for vigilance, or catching attention, and a left hemisphere role for target evaluation, or maintaining attention, is present at the earliest stage of change detection. Subvocal motor activity and contextual processing more. Twenty male and female subjects listened for mispronounced words while minimizing either subvocal or frontalis electromyographic activity. Stimuli were varied on size of the distortion, lexical constraint, and contextual constraint, all Stimuli were varied on size of the distortion, lexical constraint, and contextual constraint, all known to influence detections.
Analysis of both the reaction time and detection data indicated that the minimization of subvocal EMG activity reduced or eliminated the effect of contextual constraint, effect. Results indicate that subvocal activity is related to contextual processing. Additionally, reaction time data are reported that indicate that although low contextual constraint greatly slows the decision process, detectability is actually superior. A possible underlying mechanism for this reversal of the speed-accuracy trade-off is discussed.
Effect of maternal high histidine levels on activity and maze retention in the rat more. Publication Date: Publication Name: Cortex. Cognitive Science , Cortex , and Neurosciences. Creative thinking abilities and hemispheric asymmetry in schizotypal college students more. Anatomy, ultrastructure, and functional morphology of the metathoracic tracheal defensive glands of the grasshopper Romalea guttata more.
Gender Differences in Lateralized Semantic Priming more. Previous literature suggests that women evidence more bilateral cerebral organization, particularly in language processing, whereas men show greater left hemisphere dominance for language.
This study examined the magnitude of these gender This study examined the magnitude of these gender differences in a lateralized lexical decision task and the implications of such differences to semantic processing and cerebral organization. As predicted, women, as compared to men, recruited greater bilateral hemispheric resources, as evidenced by greater contralateral hemispheric priming.
Spatial skills predicted less priming in women, but not in men. Implications for laterality research in aging populations as well as future directions are discussed. A case of developmental deep dyslexia: what's left is right more. Cases of acquired deep dyslexia have not clearly and consistently supported any of the theoretical models. We report on a case of a year-old right-handed female, L.
In contrast, L. Publication Name: Neurocase. An inhibition of An inhibition of left ear activity occurred at the level of the cochlear nucleus Wave 1 during articulatory muscle activity, suggesting that the right ear advantage is related to active inhibition of ipsilateral auditory pathways. A correlation of at least 0.
In the first principal components analysis, three factors were extracted. Eight items failed to load on a factor and one item loaded on multiple factors. Ten magical ideation and seven perceptual aberration items loaded on the first factor and it accounted for Two perceptual aberration and two suspiciousness items loaded on the second factor which accounted for 7.
One magical ideation and six suspiciousness items loaded on the third factor that accounted for 5. This analysis suggested a consistent suspiciousness factor factor 3. The second principal components analysis extracted only two factors. The aim of this analysis was to see if the weak undifferentiated factor found in the first analysis would fall out. Thirteen items failed to load on a factor. Nine magical ideation and eight perceptual aberration items loaded on the first factor.
Two perceptual aberration and five suspiciousness items loaded on the second factor. The first factor had an Eigenvalue of 8. The second factor had an Eigenvalue of 2. The failure of a large number of items to load on a factor reflects heterogeneity of items on the Schizotypal Personality Scale.
The pattern of results suggests that the magical ideation and perceptual aberration items are represented by one factor and suspiciousness by the second. Table I shows the correlations between the factors and creativity. Second administration schizotypy scores were available for 72 of the I15 subjects in this study and three groups were constructed for each factor based on the consistency of factor scores over the two administrations. The three groups were; consistent high scorers 1.
This effect is not found if the criterion for group membership is set at 1. Ostandard deviations above the mean. We found that a two-factor model most parsimoniously accounted for the current data. This study supports the contention that high schizotypy scorers are not a homogeneous group. Inconsistent high scorers scored significantly higher on the creativity measure than did consistent high scorers. As suggested by Eysenck Further research should examine consistent high scorers and inconsistent high scorers over time on a more complete battery of complex creativity measures.
Table I. Table 2. Zinkin, translation. Original work published I. Claridge, G. Schizotvuv and hemispheric function 1: theoretical considerations and the measurement of schizotypy. Journal of. Persanality andindividual Differences, 5. A comparative study of attentional strategies of schizophrenics and highly creative normal subjects. British Journal of Psychiatry, , 5 r Eysenck, H. Creativity and personality: Suggestions for a theory. Psy chological Inquiry, 4, Psvchoticism as a Dimension of Personality.
London: Hodder and Stoughton. M anual of the Ey senck Personality Questionnaire. Hewitt, J. The factor structure of schizotypy in a normal population. Personality and Individual Differences, IO, Jones, S. The Kamin blocking effect, incidental learning, and schizotypy a reanalysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, Kelley, M. Factor structure of schizotypy scales.
Kendler, K. Schizotypal symptoms and signs in the Roscommon Family Study: Their factor structure and familial relationship with psychotic and affective disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry. Kraeplin, E. Dementia Praecox and Paraphrenia R. Barkley translation. Chicago: Chicago Medical Books. Original work published Mednick, S. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Poreh, A.
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